Motors are widely used and serve as the primary source of power in mechanical equipment. However, their performance is also affected by temperature. So today, let’s discuss: What is the minimum operating temperature for motors?

The general environmental conditions for motor operation specify the minimum ambient temperature at the operating location. Particular attention should be paid to the impact of low-temperature operation on motor performance. Some verification reports indicate that, at ambient temperatures as low as minus 15°C, there are no significant changes in the performance of materials such as polyester and polyester varnish paper, alkyd mica boards, butyl rubber, solder, springs, magnet steel, steel alloys, and small plastic commutators. Consequently, certain product specifications explicitly state that these products can be used under lower ambient temperatures. However, it is important to note that at lower ambient temperatures—especially for motors with relatively low power (e.g., motors below 100 watts)—the increased viscosity or even solidification and freezing of lubricants can lead to a rise in static friction torque, making it difficult to start the motor or even causing it to stall and eventually burn out. Moreover, at low temperatures, insulation materials tend to become noticeably harder and more brittle; after mechanical damage, their dielectric strength at low temperatures significantly decreases. Additionally, when a motor stored in a cold environment is moved to a warmer location, condensation often forms on the surface of the windings, leading to insulation failures and increasing the risk of short circuits upon energization. Therefore, extra caution must be exercised when using electric motors in low-temperature environments, and timely preventive measures should be taken.